Sunday, April 22, 2012

Reported Speech

Reported Speech

bila reported speech menyatakan kata-kata sebenarnya maka disebut direct speech. kalimat  kalimat tersebut tidak dihubungkan oleh 'that' melainkan harus tanda baca koma.

bila reported speech memberikan isi pokok kata-kata yang dipakai oleh pembicara dan bukan kata-kata yang sebenarnya ini disebut indirect speech. dalam indirect speech kalimat kalimat itu dihubungkan dengan kata 'that'.

bentuk waktu reporting verb tak diubah,tapi bentuk waktu reported speech harus diubah berdasarkan atas bentuk waktu reporting verb.

reported speech biasanya diawali oleh kata kerja pengantar seperti : say,tell,answer,inform,explain,add,order,dan command.

reprted speech dapat dibentuk dari:
1. statement
2. command/imperative
3. question


 
Penggunaan

1. Statement


Pada penggunaan jenis kalimat ini, kata sambung yang kita gunakan adalah that. Namun kata ini bisa dipakai atau boleh juga tidak dipakai.

Perhatikan dialog berikut ini:


Alex : I am a student.
Bob  : What did Alex say, Andy?
Andy : Alex said that he was a student.

Catatan:
  • Apa yang diucapkan Andy adalah kalimat tak langsung, karena Andy mengulang apa yang diucapkan Alex kepada Bob.
  • Karena bersifat pengulangan dan Alex berkata demikian beberapa saat yang lalu (sebelum Bob bertanya) maka Tenses yang digunakan harus dalam bentuk Past.
  1. George said," My mother will go to Bali today."
  2. George said (that) his mother would go to Bali today.
Catatan:
  • Perubahan hari dan tempat sangat tergantung pada situasi pada saat berbicara. Artinya dapat saja berganti, namun dapat juga tidak.
  • Tanda petik tidak lagi digunakan.
  1. "I have phoned the police," John said.
  2. John said that he had phoned the police.
2. Request/Command

Ada 2 kelompok dalam penggunaan kalimat tidak langsung jenis ini, yaitu:
  1. Positive  Request/Command
  2. Negative Request/Command
Mari kita bahas satu persatu:

a. Positive Request/Command


Kalimat tak langsung jenis ini adalah kalimat permintaan atau perintah yang tidak dimulai dengan don't, seperti open the door!, close the window!, be carefull!, dsb. Untuk kalimat jenis ini, kata sambung yang digunakan adalah to sebelum kata kerjanya.

Contoh:
  1. "Close the window!", Anton asked.
  2. Anton asked me to close the window.
  1. Bob said," Be careful, my son!"
  2. Bob asked his son to be careful.
b. Negative Request/Command

Kalimat tak langsung jenis ini adalah kalimat permintaan yang dimulai dengan don't. Kata sambung yang digunakan adalah not to untuk menggantikan don't.

Contoh:
  1. "Don't touch me!", William asked.
  2. William asked me not to touch him.
  1. Mrs. Hunt said," Don't be lazy, Henry!".
  2. Mrs Hunt asked Henry not to be lazy.
3. Questions

Jenis ini juga memiliki 2 kelompok yaitu Yes/No Question dan Wh- Question.

a. Yes/No Questions


Yes/No Question adalah jenis pertanyaan yang membutuhkan jawaban ya atau tidak. Kata sambung yang digunakan adalah whether atau if. Namun yang perlu diingat adalah susunan kalimat dalam kalimat tak langsungnya harus menjadi normal kembali. Artinya setelah kata whether/if, maka harus dimulai dengan Subjek, Predikat, dst. Kita dapat juga menambahkan or not pada kalimat tak langsungnya. Namun kata or not hanya mengiringi kata whether dan tidak if. Kata whether lebih sering digunakan daripada if.

Contoh:
  1. Mr. Hunt asked," Are you my new secretary?"
  2. Mr. Hunt asked the girl whether she was his new secretary or not. - Bentuk I
  3. Mr. Hunt asked the girl whether or not she was his new secretary. - Bentuk II
  4. Mr. Hunt asked the girl whether she was his new secretary. - Bentuk III
  1. "Can you pick me up?", asked Edward.
  2. Edward asked if I could pick him up.
b. Wh- Questions

Wh- Question adalah jenis pertanyaan yang tidak dijawab dengan ya atau tidak, melainkan sebuah pernyataan seperi How old are you, Where do you live? dsb.

Kata sambung yang digunakan adalah kata tanya itu sendiri. Susunan setelah kata tanya itu kembali seperti kalimat positif. Perhatikan contoh-contoh kalimat berikut. Tanda tanya juga harus dihilangkan.

Contoh:
  1. "How old are you?", Ahmad wanted to know.
  2. Ahmad wanted to know How old I was. (BUKAN How old was I)
  1. Andy asked Ted," Where do you live?"
  2. Andy asked Ted where he lived.
LAIN - LAIN

Bagaimana dengan contoh-contoh kalimat berikut?
  1. "sssst!"
  2. "hmmm!" (berdehem)
  3. "zzzzzzz!" (mendengkur)
  4. dsb?
Rujukan :
The Textbook of English Grammar by Drs.Slamet Riyanto,M.Pd.
  


Tugas 2“CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER!”




1.The employees responsible for carrying out general office duties, filling in forms and keeping statistics are...
a   clerks       b   accountants       c   supervisors
2.The employees who sell a company's products are the sales representatives, usually known as ………..
a   vendors       b   renters       c   reps
3.The employees who decide what to purchase, and who make the purchases of  finished goods or components to be  made into goods, are the ………..
a   choosers       b   procurers       c   buyers
4. The employees who are responsible for seeing that the finished goods are well made are the
a   packers       b   quality controllers       c   financial staff
5. The clerical workers who use typewriters or word processors and who produce letters, memos or othe documents, are ...........
a   secretaries       b   editors       c   copywriters
6. The employees who check a company's financial affairs are the ............
a   statisticians       b   accountants       c   counters
7.The employees who are responsible for preparing checks, pay packets and pay slips are the ............
a   wages clerks       b   filing clerks       c   paying clerks
8. The workers who process data, under the control of managers and supervisors, are the computer …….
a   hackers       b   operators       c   screeners
9.The person who greets a visitor and tells him or her how to get to the right office is the ..........
a   manager       b   president       c   receptionist
10.  The employees who deal with a company's telephone calls are the
a   VDU operators       b   telex operators c   switchboard operators
11.The Board of ......is responsible for deciding on and controlling the strategy of a corporation or company.
a   Workers       b   Directors       c   Control
12. Small businesses depend on investors providing ………capital.
a   venture       b   individual       c   cooperative
13. Investors are influenced by the projected ………. on their capital.
a   market       b   return       c   rate
14. The capital needed to run a business is provided by ...........
a   gain       b   risk       c   investment
15. Rent and rates, which do not change as turnover volume changes, make up the .......costs of a company.
a   fixed       b   contribution       c   variable

> Answer :

1.jawaban a

2.jawaban c

3.jawaban c

4.jawaban b

5.jawaban a

6.jawaban b

7.jawaban a

8.jawaban b

9.jawaban c

10.jawaban c

11.jawaban b

12.jawaban b

13.jawaban a

14.jawaban c

15.jawaban a

Tugas2 CHOOSING FROM THE WORDS IN THE BOX!



1.       CHOOSING FROM THE WORDS IN THE BOX!

a.       information
a.       chips
h. WYSIWYG
k. controls
b.       processing
b.       RAM
i.    graphics
l.    systems
c.        load
i.         ROM
j.    bugs
m.  scroll
d.       files




               


1.       Problems in programs are caused by…j.Bugs……
2.       Silicon...........a.chips....... contain a set of integrated circuits, reduced to a very small size.
3.       Obtaining................a.informasi .... is done by……b.processing.……… data.
4.       Software produces images which can appear on the screen as…i.graphics……………
5.       Memory that is permanent, cannot be written to, and can only be read, is …i.Rom………..
6.       Memory into which information can be loaded and from which data can be read, is……D.files………
7.       Operators.....C.Load............... into the computer's memory a program that they want to use.
8.       Analysing ways of doing things, and of improving them, is done by……I.systems……… analysts.
9.       "What you see is what you get" explains........H.WYSIWYG............
10.    A single disk can contain a large number of different........B.Ram...........
11.    ....k.controls..........   can carry out instructions or operations when certain conditions occur.
12.    The operators....M.scroll..... lines of text up the screen, so that a new line appears at the bottom and the top line disappears.




Thursday, April 12, 2012

The Raid Sequel and Its Comic Book


    I’ve watched ‘Hitam Putih’ this evening and the guests are The Raid casts!! I really enjoyed the show and it was full of laugh. Iko Uwais(Rama), Joe Taslim(Jaka),Ray Sahetapy(Tama),Yayan Ruhian(Mad Dog),Doni Alamsyah(Andi) and also the producer were there.
   For what i have watched from the show that they are all very humble to facing their shocking popularity from the movie, and for Mad Dog role has get his own popularity because he was got the second chart of Indonesia trending topic from Twitter social media.
Kerupuk(Crakers)
   I know from the show that Iko Uwais has been working as a driver for a telecommunication company in Jakarta at 2005 or 2006(i’m not sure for the years), and he has a dream to be a football player. Iko has been practicing Pencak Silat since he was a kid. And from the show i know that he has a fear to a’Kerupuk’ or a Crackers in indonesian (or you can google it for make sure what kerupuk is)
  I also know that Joe Taslim(Jaka)is a Judo athlete since 1997 to 2009 and he had won many competition like he was winning the Sea Games competition years ago from Judo cathegory of course.
  For what the audience most waiting are the sequel of the movie,and the producer gave a lil secret for the sequel. The producer said that the movie will begin to produce after Eid Mubarak celebration and the shooting will began at 2013. Aand the producer also said that the sequel is about chasing after the car, and the film will be shooting scenes inside the car, a fight scene in the car and I forgot the rest hahaha (sorry):p
And for your information... The Raid will come in the form of comic book and it will release this month..!! i think you better prepared for the upcoming comic book and the sequel next year..hohoho



Tugas 11 (Tipe-tipe If Clause & Wish)


Tipe-tipe If Clause
If clauses digunakan untuk menyatakan sebuah kondisi atas kejadian atau keberadaan sesuatu.

Contoh : If you mix sugar with water, it will dissolve
Here, the sugar will dissolve on the condition that you mix it with water.
Ada tiga tipe if clauses:

Type 1. mengenai kejadian nyata
Dalam tipe 1, if clause dalam present tense, sedangkan main clause biasanya dalam bentuk present, future, atau imperative.
Contoh:
If you go to the mini market, buy me a diet coke. (present ; imperative)
If Elena calls, I’ll invite her to the party. (present ; future)
If Elena should  call, I’ll invite her to the party. (modal ; future)

Type 2
Type 2 is concerned with hypothetical  or unreal situations in the present. (berkaitan dengan khayalan atau situasi yang tidak nyata saat ini.)
-          If I had the money, I would buy an expensive new shoe.
This is called a hypothetical  if clause because I don’t have the money but I am imagining what I would do if I did.

Type 3
Type 3 is concerned with hypothetical discussion about the past.
-          If I had known you were sick, I would have made you some cream soup. (past perfect-modal past)
Here the implication is that I didn’t know you were sick (and that you may no longer be sick).
-          If you had been here last sunday, you could have seen Renee. (past perfect-modal past)
It is clear in the example that you were not here last sunday.

Tipe-tipe Wish

 Type 1. mengenai kejadian nyata
Dalam tipe 1, if clause dalam present tense, sedangkan main clause biasanya dalam bentuk present, future, atau imperative.

 Type 2
Type 2 .is concerned with hypothetical  or unreal situations in the present. (berkaitan dengan khayalan atau situasi yang tidak nyata saat ini.)

Type 3
Type 3 .is concerned with hypothetical discussion about the past 

Fungsi dari masing-masing tipe :

Type 1.
Dalam tipe 1, if clause dalam present tense, sedangkan main clause biasanya dalam bentuk present, future, atau imperative.

Type 2
Type 2 .is concerned with hypothetical  or unreal situations in the present. (berkaitan dengan khayalan atau situasi yang tidak nyata saat ini.)

Type 3
Type 3 .is concerned with hypothetical discussion about the past.

10 contoh kalimat pengandaian beserta faktanya :

1.      I wish I knew how to dance ( I don’t know how to dance )
2.      I wish I had a car ( I don’t have a car )
3.      I wish I were his girlfriend ( I’m not his girlfriend )
4.      I wish it weren’t foggy today ( It’s foggy today )
5.      We wish we were in Seoul ( We aren’t in Seoul )
6.      I wish I had a car ( I don’t have a car )
7.      I wish I had a DVD Player ( I don’t have a DVD Player )
8.      I wish I had studied for the exam ( I didn’t study for the exam )
9.      John wishes he had finished his work ( John didn’t finish his work )
10.  I wish I hadn’t gone to the meeting ( I went to meeting)

Tuesday, April 10, 2012

The Raid Movie

The Raid



Tickets Sat,31 March & 7 April

 i've been watched The Raid with my boyfriend a couple weeks ago and in last saturday i've watching it again with my brother,and yes i have watched it twice haha.
  first time i've seen it,it was so frustrating,because all i can see from the movie was just bloods,throats had been ripped out,gun shoot to the heads,necks,chests,arms,feet,ear,and eyes!!!
woooooowww...i was like"get me outta here!!" LOL.
but i really really enjoyed the movie,and this movie had been count to my favoutite movie list!!.
  this movie also recieved many awards from many international movie festival,like..:


§  The Cadillac People's Choice Midnight Madness Award, TIFF 2011
§  Salah satu dari 11 film yang menjadi Spotlight dalam Festival Film Sundance 2012
§  Terpilih menjadi penutup sesi FrightFest dalam Festival Film Glasgow 2012
§  Audience Award dan Dublin Film Critics Circle Best Film dalam Festival Film Internasional Dublin Jameson 2012


   and FYI at the showcase at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival,Sonny Pictures Worldwide Acquisition Classic buy this film distribution rights for the US and Latin America(wowwww!!). and also Sony Pictures asked Mike Shinoda(Linkin Park members)with Joseph Trapanese to create background music for their version of this film.
   due to copyright issues and plans for the trilogy,this film was released in North America by Sony Pictures as The Raid: Redemption. distribution rights for other countries have also been sold to the Alliance(Canada),momentum(UK),Madman(Australia and New Zealand),SND(French-speaking region),Kadokawa (Japan),Koch(German speaking region),HGC(Chna),and Calinos(Turkey).

Iko Uwais as Rama

    the actors acted so amazing. Especially with the lead character,Iko Uwais as Rama. He's a handsome man who is very talented and his performance in the movie got my two thumbs up!!aaand his martial art skill can't be doubt no more. Iko Uwais is the man...!!!
     The deal has also been made ​​by the distributors from RussiaScandinaviaBeneluxIcelandItalyLatin AmericaSouthKoreaand India when the film is being shown at the Toronto International film Festival(TIFF)TorontoCanada in September 2011.










Monday, April 09, 2012

pict opinion 2





Holly molly...!!!wooww...when i look to the pict above for the first time i was like 'O-M-G!!'oh man...!!!they were sleeping during the meeting.
in this case i have my own conditions why they can sleeping during the meeting
first.....they are too tired to listen to what the chairman of the meeting talking about because their job is very piling up, and when they're doing their job they have to come to the meeting room
second ..... they really do not care what the chairman of the meeting talking about becauseof fatigue after watching a football game last night and their favorite team lost the game so they think 'who cares about the meeting? My favorite team has been defeated and i extremly sleepy..

but.. who knew??
and their habit is not good to imitate whatever the reason is.

Pict Opinion


Actually, d  government has doing job pretty well, but for this case (flood) we can not blame them for what has just Happen, but Their reactionfor our community  problem  is what i was really hate, They think That flood is not a serious thing, it's Because They did not live in That situation  so they doesn’t feel what the victims are feel. They also did not give any aid to them, like blankets, medicines, or something. this flood is our own mistake. why we have to throw a rubbish not in a proper place? Often we throw the rubbish in the river, in the street, in the gutter, even in every corner of the city there are many piles of garbage.

as a good fellow jakarta, we must dispose of waste in place and in case of flooding do not get used to just blame the government, but Correct yourself first. and for the government should not regard this as a threat of flooding is small, because it concerns the citizens of Jakarta itself is a victim, and the government recommended that more quickly to provide relief to flood victims.
and that is what I expect from the government, and may not be the only hope of me, but also all citizens of Jakarta.
and the picture above is almost entirely true of the fact that in this beloved city Jakarta.